Objectives: Religiosity and spirituality (R/S) have been negatively associated with several mental health problems, including delinquency. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between R/S and interpersonal violence using a systematic review. Methods: We conducted a descriptive systematic review followed by meta-analyses using seven different databases. We included observational studies that assessed the relationship between R/S and different types of interpersonal violence (physical and sexual aggression and domestic violence). Results: A total of 16,599 articles were screened in the databases and, after applying the eligibility criteria, 67 were included in the systematic review and 43 were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that higher levels of R/S were significantly associated with decreased physical and sexual aggression, but not domestic violence. All selected studies evidenced sufficient methodological quality, with 26.8% being cohort studies. In the subanalyses, the role of R/S was more prevalent among adolescents. Conclusion: There is an inverse relationship between R/S and physical and sexual aggression, suggesting a protective role. However, these results were not observed for domestic violence. Healthcare professionals and managers should be aware of their patients’ beliefs when investigating interpersonal violence to create tailored interventions for reducing violent behavior.

Objectives: Gene-environment interactions increase the risk of psychosis. The objective of this study was to investigate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in psychosis, including single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of dopamine-2 receptor (D2R), N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), and cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R), lifetime cannabis use, and childhood trauma. Methods: Twenty-three SNVs of genes encoding D2R (DRD2: rs1799978, rs7131056, rs6275), NMDAR (GRIN1: rs4880213, rs11146020; GRIN2A: rs1420040, rs11866328; GRIN2B: rs890, rs2098469, rs7298664), and CB1R (CNR1: rs806380, rs806379, rs1049353, rs6454674, rs1535255, rs2023239, rs12720071, rs6928499, rs806374, rs7766029, rs806378, rs10485170, rs9450898) were genotyped in 143 first-episode psychosis patients (FEPp) and 286 community-based controls by Illumina HumanCoreExome-24 BeadChip. Gene-gene and gene-environment associations were assessed using nonparametric Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction software. Results: Single-locus analyses among the 23 SNVs for psychosis and gene-gene interactions were not significant (p > 0.05 for all comparisons); however, both environmental risk factors showed an association with psychosis (p < 0.001). Moreover, gene-environment interactions were significant for an SNV in CNR1 and cannabis use. The best-performing model was the combination of CNR1 rs12720071 and lifetime cannabis use (p < 0.001), suggesting an increased risk of psychosis. Conclusion: Our study supports the hypothesis of gene-environment interactions for psychosis involving T-allele carriers of CNR1 SNVs, childhood trauma, and cannabis use.

ABSTRACT Melon cultivation under saline conditions is a challenge, as the plants can suffer a reduction in fruit production and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production and quality of noble melon fruit fertigated with different saline solutions and K/Ca ratios. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with treatments arranged in a 3 x 6 factorial scheme, using three melon cultivars (Bazuca, McLaren, County) fertigated with six nutrient solutions [S1 - standard nutrient solution (SNS); S2 - SNS + NaCl (5.0 dS m-1); S3 - S2 enriched with K (50%); S4 - S2 enriched with K (100%); S5 - S2 enriched with Ca (50%); S6 - S2 enriched with Ca (100%)]. At the end of each cultivar cycle, the fruit was harvested and assessed for the following parameters: fresh fruit weight, fruit diameter, internal cavity, pulp thickness, pulp firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, and vitamin C. Salt stress impaired the physical characteristics of the fruit of the three noble melon cultivars. The nutrient solution enriched with 50% K (S3) did not reduce the effect of salt stress on fresh weight or fruit size in the melon, but afforded an increase in fruit quality.

Resumo Os efeitos da justiça organizacional sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores têm sido investigados em diversas áreas de trabalho. Entretanto, a sistematização da informação disponível sobre os efeitos relacionados às doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) e à diabetes é escassa. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar sistematicamente a associação entre justiça organizacional e DCV e metabólica em trabalhadores adultos. A estratégia de busca incluiu os termos justiça organizacional, doença coronariana, doença cerebrovascular, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e DCV. As bases de dados investigadas foram MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada pelo instrumento desenvolvido pelo National Institute of Health. Foram identificados 1.959 títulos. Após avaliação, foram selecionados oito estudos. Os indivíduos com percepção de justiça organizacional alta apresentaram menor risco de DCV e metabólica. Baixa justiça organizacional tem repercussões para a saúde cardiovascular e metabólica dos trabalhadores. A elaboração de estratégias para promover justiça organizacional deve ser priorizada para assim mitigar seus impactos para os trabalhadores e as instituições.

Abstract The effects of organizational justice on workers’ health have been investigated in several areas of work. However, the systematization of available information on the effects related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes is scarce. This article aims to systematically review the association between organizational justice and CVD and metabolic disease in adult workers. The search strategy included the terms organizational justice, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and CVD. This study investigated the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS. The quality of the studies was assessed using the instrument developed by the National Institute of Health. Results: This study identified 1,959 titles. After evaluation, eight studies were selected. Individuals with a high perception of organizational justice showed a lower risk of CVD and metabolic disease, whereas low organizational justice presented repercussions for the cardiovascular and metabolic health of workers. The development of strategies to promote organizational justice must be prioritized and thus mitigate its impacts on workers and institutions.

Resumo Os efeitos da justiça organizacional sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores têm sido investigados em diversas áreas de trabalho. Entretanto, a sistematização da informação disponível sobre os efeitos relacionados às doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) e à diabetes é escassa. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar sistematicamente a associação entre justiça organizacional e DCV e metabólica em trabalhadores adultos. A estratégia de busca incluiu os termos justiça organizacional, doença coronariana, doença cerebrovascular, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus e DCV. As bases de dados investigadas foram MEDLINE, EMBASE e LILACS. A qualidade dos estudos foi avaliada pelo instrumento desenvolvido pelo National Institute of Health. Foram identificados 1.959 títulos. Após avaliação, foram selecionados oito estudos. Os indivíduos com percepção de justiça organizacional alta apresentaram menor risco de DCV e metabólica. Baixa justiça organizacional tem repercussões para a saúde cardiovascular e metabólica dos trabalhadores. A elaboração de estratégias para promover justiça organizacional deve ser priorizada para assim mitigar seus impactos para os trabalhadores e as instituições.

Abstract The effects of organizational justice on workers’ health have been investigated in several areas of work. However, the systematization of available information on the effects related to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes is scarce. This article aims to systematically review the association between organizational justice and CVD and metabolic disease in adult workers. The search strategy included the terms organizational justice, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and CVD. This study investigated the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and LILACS. The quality of the studies was assessed using the instrument developed by the National Institute of Health. Results: This study identified 1,959 titles. After evaluation, eight studies were selected. Individuals with a high perception of organizational justice showed a lower risk of CVD and metabolic disease, whereas low organizational justice presented repercussions for the cardiovascular and metabolic health of workers. The development of strategies to promote organizational justice must be prioritized and thus mitigate its impacts on workers and institutions.

Resumo A partir das relações entre a Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB) e a Teia dos Povos - articulação de comunidades tradicionais e movimentos sociais do campo e da cidade -, o texto propõe reflexões sobre o encontro de saberes tradicionais e conhecimentos acadêmicos como referência pedagógica de uma educação descolonizadora, tanto na universidade pública como nos territórios da Teia. Por meio de encontros com estudantes, mutirões e jornadas, acompanhados a partir do método da pesquisa-ação, a Teia dos Povos permite-nos avançar na compreensão das relações possíveis entre a agroecologia e um projeto de educação decolonial. Essa proposta da Teia, que dialoga com o conceito de ecologia dos saberes e se integra à estratégia de transição agroecológica e construção da autonomia em suas comunidades, fornece-nos subsídios para discutir como os questionamentos estabelecidos no âmbito da ecologia política conectam-se à descolonização epistêmica no âmbito de uma estratégia de luta emancipatória.

Abstract Based on the relationship between the Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia (UFSB) and the Teia dos Povos (Peoples’ Web) - network of traditional communities and urban and peasant movements -, the text suggests reflections about the meeting of traditional and academic knowledge as a reference of a decolonizing education, both in the public university and in the Teia’s territories. Through meetings with students, task forces and workshops, followed by the action-research method, the Teia allows us to advance in understanding the possible relationships between agroecology and a decolonial education project. This proposal by the Teia, which dialogues with the concept of ecology of knowledges and is integrated with the strategy of agroecological transition and the construction of communitarian autonomy, provides us with subsidies to discuss how the questions established within the scope of political ecology are connected to epistemic decolonization within the scope of an emancipatory struggle strategy.

Resumen A partir de la relación entre la Universidad Federal del Sur de Bahía (UFSB) y la Teia dos Povos (Tela de los Pueblos) - articulación de comunidades tradicionales y movimientos sociales del campo y de la ciudad -, el texto propone reflexiones sobre el encuentro entre saberes tradicionales y conocimientos académicos como referencia de una educación descolonizadora, tanto en la universidad pública como en los territorios de la Teia. A través de reuniones con estudiantes, mingas y talleres, seguidos por medio de investigación-acción, buscamos avanzar en la comprensión de posibles relaciones entre la agroecología y un proyecto de educación descolonial. Esta propuesta, que dialoga con el concepto de ecología de saberes y se integra con la estrategia de transición agroecológica y la construcción de autonomía en sus comunidades, nos permite discutir cómo cuestiones establecidas por la ecología política están conectadas con la descolonización epistémica en una estrategia de lucha emancipadora.

O estudo objetiva avaliar a variação nacional na prevalência geral da depressão e em diferentes grupos sociodemográficos, comportamentos de saúde e macrorregiões do Brasil entre 2013 e 2019. Os dados foram obtidos de dois inquéritos brasileiros de abrangência nacional, a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013 e a 2019. Entre os participantes com idade de 18 anos ou mais, houve 60.202 indivíduos em 2013 e 88.531 em 2019. A depressão foi avaliada com o Questionário de Saúde do Paciente-9 (PHQ-9). Todas as estimativas levaram em conta os pesos populacionais e a amostragem complexa. Os achados mostraram que durante os seis anos entre as duas edições da PNS, a prevalência de depressão no Brasil aumentou em 36,7%, de 7,9% em 2013 para 10,8% em 2019, com um aumento ainda maior em adultos jovens, no grupo etário de 18 a 24 anos, e naqueles que não estavam trabalhando, onde houve um aumento de quase três vezes na prevalência de depressão (3,7% em 2013 e 10,3% em 2019), ou seja, um aumento de 178,4%. Indivíduos residindo em áreas urbanas tiveram um aumento maior na prevalência de depressão ao longo do período de seis anos (39,8%), em comparação com os residentes em áreas rurais (20,2%). Houve um aumento na prevalência de depressão entre 2013 e 2019 para as piores categorias dos três comportamentos de saúde incluídos no estado, tanto em homens quanto em mulheres: etilismo, tabagismo e sedentarismo. Nossos resultados mostram um aumento significativo na prevalência de depressão nos seis anos entre as duas edições da PNS, principalmente entre homens mais jovens e desempregados. A recessão econômica no Brasil durante o período pode explicar esses achados.

This study aims to evaluate national variation in depression prevalence and in different sociodemographic groups, health behaviors, and macroregions of Brazil from 2013 to 2019. Data were obtained from two nationwide Brazilian surveys - Brazilian National Health Survey 2013 and 2019. Participants aged 18 years or older were included, totaling 60,202 individuals in 2013 and 88,531 in 2019. Depression was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). All estimations accounted for the population weights and the complex sampling. The findings showed that during the six years between the two surveys, the prevalence of depression in Brazil increased by 36.7%, going from 7.9% in 2013 to 10.8% in 2019, and this increase is higher among unemployed young adults, aged 18 to 24 years, with the increase in the prevalence of depression almost tripled (3.7 in 2013 and 10.3 in 2019), an increase of 178.4%. Those dwelling in urban areas had a higher increase in the prevalence of depression in the six-year period (39.8%) when compared to residents in rural areas (20.2%). There was an increase in the prevalence of depression from 2013 to 2019 for the worst categories of the three health behaviors included in the study for both men and women: heavy drinking, smoking, and not exercising the recommended level of physical activity. Our results show a significant increase in the prevalence of depression over the six years between the two surveys, mainly among the younger and unemployed men. The country’s economic recession during this period may explain these findings.

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la variación nacional en la prevalencia general de depresión, así como en diferentes grupos sociodemográficos, comportamientos de salud, y macrorregiones del país entre 2013-2019. Los datos se obtuvieron de dos encuestas nacionales brasileñas -Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2013 y 2019-. Los participantes con edades entre los 18 años y con más edad incluyeron a 60 202 personas en 2013 y 88 531 en 2019. La depresión se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente-9 (PHQ-9). Todas las estimaciones justificaron los pesos de la población y el muestreo complejo. Los resultados mostraron que durante seis años entre las dos encuestas, la prevalencia de depresión en Brasil se incrementó en un 36,7%, yendo de un 7,9% en 2013 a un 10,8% en el 2019, y este incremento es mayor entre adultos jóvenes, de 18 a 24 años de edad, que no estaban trabajando, donde casi había un incremento tres veces superior en la prevalencia de depresión (3,7 en 2013 y 10,3 en 2019), un incremento de un 178,4%. Aquellos que vivían en áreas urbanas tenían un incremento mayor en la prevalencia de depresión durante el período de seis años (39,8%), cuando se comparó con los residentes en áreas rurales (20,2%). Hubo un incremento en la prevalencia de depresión entre 2013-2019 para las peores categorías de los tres comportamientos de salud incluidos en el estudio para tanto hombres como mujeres: consumo excesivo de alcohol, fumar, y no practicar deporte al nivel recomendado de actividad física. Nuestros resultados muestran un significado incremento en la prevalencia de depresión durante los seis años entre las dos encuestas, principalmente entre los hombres más jóvenes y desempleados. La recesión económica del país durante este periodo puede explicar estos resultados.

O estudo objetiva avaliar a variação nacional na prevalência geral da depressão e em diferentes grupos sociodemográficos, comportamentos de saúde e macrorregiões do Brasil entre 2013 e 2019. Os dados foram obtidos de dois inquéritos brasileiros de abrangência nacional, a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) 2013 e a 2019. Entre os participantes com idade de 18 anos ou mais, houve 60.202 indivíduos em 2013 e 88.531 em 2019. A depressão foi avaliada com o Questionário de Saúde do Paciente-9 (PHQ-9). Todas as estimativas levaram em conta os pesos populacionais e a amostragem complexa. Os achados mostraram que durante os seis anos entre as duas edições da PNS, a prevalência de depressão no Brasil aumentou em 36,7%, de 7,9% em 2013 para 10,8% em 2019, com um aumento ainda maior em adultos jovens, no grupo etário de 18 a 24 anos, e naqueles que não estavam trabalhando, onde houve um aumento de quase três vezes na prevalência de depressão (3,7% em 2013 e 10,3% em 2019), ou seja, um aumento de 178,4%. Indivíduos residindo em áreas urbanas tiveram um aumento maior na prevalência de depressão ao longo do período de seis anos (39,8%), em comparação com os residentes em áreas rurais (20,2%). Houve um aumento na prevalência de depressão entre 2013 e 2019 para as piores categorias dos três comportamentos de saúde incluídos no estado, tanto em homens quanto em mulheres: etilismo, tabagismo e sedentarismo. Nossos resultados mostram um aumento significativo na prevalência de depressão nos seis anos entre as duas edições da PNS, principalmente entre homens mais jovens e desempregados. A recessão econômica no Brasil durante o período pode explicar esses achados.

This study aims to evaluate national variation in depression prevalence and in different sociodemographic groups, health behaviors, and macroregions of Brazil from 2013 to 2019. Data were obtained from two nationwide Brazilian surveys - Brazilian National Health Survey 2013 and 2019. Participants aged 18 years or older were included, totaling 60,202 individuals in 2013 and 88,531 in 2019. Depression was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). All estimations accounted for the population weights and the complex sampling. The findings showed that during the six years between the two surveys, the prevalence of depression in Brazil increased by 36.7%, going from 7.9% in 2013 to 10.8% in 2019, and this increase is higher among unemployed young adults, aged 18 to 24 years, with the increase in the prevalence of depression almost tripled (3.7 in 2013 and 10.3 in 2019), an increase of 178.4%. Those dwelling in urban areas had a higher increase in the prevalence of depression in the six-year period (39.8%) when compared to residents in rural areas (20.2%). There was an increase in the prevalence of depression from 2013 to 2019 for the worst categories of the three health behaviors included in the study for both men and women: heavy drinking, smoking, and not exercising the recommended level of physical activity. Our results show a significant increase in the prevalence of depression over the six years between the two surveys, mainly among the younger and unemployed men. The country’s economic recession during this period may explain these findings.

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la variación nacional en la prevalencia general de depresión, así como en diferentes grupos sociodemográficos, comportamientos de salud, y macrorregiones del país entre 2013-2019. Los datos se obtuvieron de dos encuestas nacionales brasileñas -Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2013 y 2019-. Los participantes con edades entre los 18 años y con más edad incluyeron a 60 202 personas en 2013 y 88 531 en 2019. La depresión se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente-9 (PHQ-9). Todas las estimaciones justificaron los pesos de la población y el muestreo complejo. Los resultados mostraron que durante seis años entre las dos encuestas, la prevalencia de depresión en Brasil se incrementó en un 36,7%, yendo de un 7,9% en 2013 a un 10,8% en el 2019, y este incremento es mayor entre adultos jóvenes, de 18 a 24 años de edad, que no estaban trabajando, donde casi había un incremento tres veces superior en la prevalencia de depresión (3,7 en 2013 y 10,3 en 2019), un incremento de un 178,4%. Aquellos que vivían en áreas urbanas tenían un incremento mayor en la prevalencia de depresión durante el período de seis años (39,8%), cuando se comparó con los residentes en áreas rurales (20,2%). Hubo un incremento en la prevalencia de depresión entre 2013-2019 para las peores categorías de los tres comportamientos de salud incluidos en el estudio para tanto hombres como mujeres: consumo excesivo de alcohol, fumar, y no practicar deporte al nivel recomendado de actividad física. Nuestros resultados muestran un significado incremento en la prevalencia de depresión durante los seis años entre las dos encuestas, principalmente entre los hombres más jóvenes y desempleados. La recesión económica del país durante este periodo puede explicar estos resultados.

RESUMO Objetivou-se, no presente trabalho, monitorar e identificar precipitações erosivas e as perdas de solo (PSs) por meio de parcelas experimentais instaladas na Sub-Bacia do Córrego do Gigante, calibrar o modelo Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) em sua versão encosta, tendo como base os resultados obtidos nas parcelas, e aplicá-lo na área da sub-bacia, para estimativa das PSs por erosão hídrica. O regime pluvial no período de estudo apresentou elevado grau de erosividade e de concentração, pois 57,3% dos eventos foram erosivos, dos quais, os quatro de maior magnitude, participaram com 47,2% da erosividade anual. As áreas contempladas pelas interações entre classe de solo, declividade (D) e uso de solo, nas parcelas experimentais, totalizaram 174,32 ha (50% da área da sub-bacia), cujos valores obtidos resultaram em PS média ponderada de 0,623 t ha-1 ano-1, e foram referência no ajuste do modelo WEPP na versão encosta, com estimativa de 0,651 t ha-1 ano-1. A aplicação do modelo sobre uma superfície com 93,0% de abrangência da sub-bacia resultou em uma estimativa de 0,802 t ha-1 ano-1 para a taxa de PS. As áreas de solo exposto, embora participando com apenas 7,9% da área da sub-bacia, produziram 85,1% das PSs estimadas, o que, por outro lado, reflete a influência positiva da cobertura vegetal na diminuição da erosão hídrica. Simulando a implantação de cobertura sob a forma de campo/pastagem e/ou reflorestamento, nas áreas de solo descoberto, as taxas de PS na sub-bacia reduziriam significativamente para 0,215 t ha-1 ano-1.

ABSTRACT The objective of the present work was to monitor and identify erosive precipitations and monitor soil losses through experimental plots installed in the Córrego do Gigante sub-basin, to calibrate the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model, in its slope version, based on the results obtained in the plots, and apply it to the sub-basin area to estimate soil losses due to water erosion. The rainfall regime during the study period showed high degrees of erosivity and concentration, since 57% of the events were erosive, of which, the four most erosive events corresponded to 47.2% of the annual erosivity. The areas covered by the interactions between soil class, slope, and land use, in the experimental plots, totaled 174.32 ha (50% of the sub-basin area), whose values obtained resulted in a weighted average loss of 0.623 t ha-1 year-1, which were a reference in the adjustment of the WEPP model in the hillside version, with an estimate of 0.651 t ha-1 year-1. The application of the model on a surface with 93.0% coverage of the sub-basin resulted in an estimate of 0.802 t ha-1 year-1 for the soil loss rate. The exposed soil areas, although accounting for only 7.9% of the sub-basin area, produced 85.1% of the estimated soil losses, which, on the other hand, reflects the positive influence of vegetation cover in the decrease of water erosion. Simulating the implementation of cover in the form of field/pasture and/or reforestation in the areas of bare soil significantly reduced the rates of soil losses in the sub-basin to 0.215 t ha-1 year-1.

This study aims to evaluate national variation in depression prevalence overall and in different socioeconomic and demographic groups, health behaviors, and macro-regions of the country, between 2013 and 2019. Data were obtained from the National Health Surveys – PNS 2013 and 2019, which are cross-sectional surveys of the Brazilian general population. Participants aged 18 years and older included 60,202 individuals in 2013 and 88,531 in 2019. Depression was evaluated through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Calculations were carried out population-weighted. Additional age-standardized analyses were conducted to account for demographic changes. The results showed that in the six-year period between the two surveys, the prevalence of depression in Brazil increased by 36.7%, going from 7.9% in 2013 to 10.8% in 2019, this increase is more marked among young adults, 18 to 24 years old, who were not working, where there was a significant and almost three-fold absolute difference increase in the prevalence of depression (3.7 in 2013 and 10.3 in 2019), an increase of 178.4%. Those living in urban areas of the country had a greater increase in the prevalence of depression in the six-year period (39.8%) when compared to residents in rural areas (20.2%). There was an increase in the prevalence of depression between 2013 and 2019 for the worst categories of the three health behaviors under study, for both sexes: heavy drinking, smoking, and lack of physical activity, following the pattern observed for the general population. Our results show evidence of a significant increase in the prevalence of depression over the six-year period between the two surveys, mainly among the younger and unemployed men. The country´s economic context of recession during this period may be an explanation for this finding.

ABSTRACT Recent studies suggested that cannabis use influences on the emergence of psychosis by disrupting neurodevelopmental processes that occur during adolescence and early adulthood and which are reflected on brain anatomical changes detectable with MRI. However, no MRI studies have investigated whether intrauterine neurodevelopmental abnormalities also interact with later cannabis use to influence on psychosis risk. We investigated differences between first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients with history of cannabis use (FEPC+, n=28), FEP subjects without cannabis use (FEPC-, n=78) and healthy controls (n=80) in regard to the frequency of absent or short Adhesio Interthalamica (AI), a well-established marker of intrauterine neurodevelopment. The FEPC+ subgroup had a significantly lower prevalence of absent AI than FEPC- subjects, as well as a lack of a significantly shorter AI length compared to controls (as found in FEPC- subjects). These preliminary results show that psychosis subjects with cannabis use present a low rather than high frequency of absent AI, suggesting that fixed intrauterine neurodevelopmental abnormalities may not be associated with cannabis use later in life to influence on the emergence of psychosis. This is consistent with a view that multiple different etiological processes may lead to similar clinical presentations in patients with FEP.

Resumo Nós investigamos a viabilidade de incluir a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-NMDAR na avaliação de pacientes em primeiro episódio psicótico em um programa de intervenção precoce no Hemisfério Sul. Anticorpos IgG anti-NMDAR foram avaliados por ELISA em 166 pacientes (64,0% homens), 166 controles de base populacional pareados e 76 irmãos (30,3% homens). Foram realizados teste exato de Fisher e ANOVA. Os anticorpos anti-NMDAR positivos foram mais observados no transtorno afetivo bipolar (10,0%) do que na esquizofrenia (2,4%) ou depressão psicótica (3,1%), embora não tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas. Nossos resultados não são conclusivos quanto à inclusão de anticorpos IgG anti-NMDAR no plasma em protocolos de diagnósticos diferenciais para psicose.

Abstract We investigated the feasibility of including plasma anti-NMDAR antibody screening in the assessment of first-episode psychosis patients in an early intervention programme in the Southern hemisphere. Anti-NMDAR IgG antibodies were assessed by ELISA in 166 patients (64.0% men), 166 matched population-based controls and 76 patients’ siblings (30.3% men). Fisher’s exact test and ANOVA were performed. Positive anti-NMDAR antibody patients were more often observed in bipolar disorder (10.0%) than schizophrenia (2.4%) or psychotic depression (3.1%), although no significant differences were observed. Our results are not conclusive regarding the inclusion of plasma anti-NMDAR IgG antibodies in differential diagnostic protocols for psychosis.

Resumo Nós investigamos a viabilidade de incluir a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-NMDAR na avaliação de pacientes em primeiro episódio psicótico em um programa de intervenção precoce no Hemisfério Sul. Anticorpos IgG anti-NMDAR foram avaliados por ELISA em 166 pacientes (64,0% homens), 166 controles de base populacional pareados e 76 irmãos (30,3% homens). Foram realizados teste exato de Fisher e ANOVA. Os anticorpos anti-NMDAR positivos foram mais observados no transtorno afetivo bipolar (10,0%) do que na esquizofrenia (2,4%) ou depressão psicótica (3,1%), embora não tenham sido observadas diferenças significativas. Nossos resultados não são conclusivos quanto à inclusão de anticorpos IgG anti-NMDAR no plasma em protocolos de diagnósticos diferenciais para psicose.

Abstract We investigated the feasibility of including plasma anti-NMDAR antibody screening in the assessment of first-episode psychosis patients in an early intervention programme in the Southern hemisphere. Anti-NMDAR IgG antibodies were assessed by ELISA in 166 patients (64.0% men), 166 matched population-based controls and 76 patients’ siblings (30.3% men). Fisher’s exact test and ANOVA were performed. Positive anti-NMDAR antibody patients were more often observed in bipolar disorder (10.0%) than schizophrenia (2.4%) or psychotic depression (3.1%), although no significant differences were observed. Our results are not conclusive regarding the inclusion of plasma anti-NMDAR IgG antibodies in differential diagnostic protocols for psychosis.

Objective: We investigated: i) the reliability and validity of a Brazilian version of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), developed to detect and characterize psychotic experiences in the general population; and ii) the association between psychotic experiences, childhood adversity, and cannabis use in a population-based sample. Methods: We performed factorial analyses and generalized linear models with CAPE scores as the dependent variable in a sample composed of 217 first-episode psychosis patients, 104 unaffected biological siblings, and 319 non-psychotic population-based participants. Results: After removing seven items from its positive dimension and two items from its negative dimension, a 33-item Brazilian version of the CAPE showed acceptable adjustment indices (confirmatory fit index = 0.895; goodness of fit index = 0.822; parsimony goodness of fit index = 0.761; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.055, p [RMSEA ≤ 0.05] = 0.04) and internal consistency in all its dimensions (> 0.70). Childhood adversity was associated with higher scores in all three dimensions, as well as with total score. Lifetime cannabis use was associated with higher scores only in the positive dimension. Conclusion: The proposed Brazilian version of the CAPE corroborates the tridimensional approach for assessing psychosis-proneness, and the frequency and severity of psychotic manifestations are distributed as a spectrum in the general population.

Resumo A linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica (LHH) é uma condição incomum e potencialmente fatal, caracterizada por importante ativação imunológica e produção maciça de citocinas por células mononucleares inflamatórias, devido a defeitos na função linfocitária citotóxica. É ainda mais incomum em receptores de transplante renal, nos quais está freqüentemente associada a infecções não controladas. A mortalidade da LHH é alta, e o diagnóstico diferencial com sepse é um desafio. A abordagem e o tratamento dependem do gatilho e das comorbidades subjacentes. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente transplantada renal com 50 anos de idade, admitida com febre e mal-estar 3 meses após o transplante, apresentando anemia, febre, hipertrigliceridemia, níveis elevados de ferritina sérica e antigenemia positiva para CMV. A urina mostrou positividade para células decoy e BKV-DNA. A biopsia do enxerto mostrou nefrite por CMV. Ambas as culturas de sangue e urina foram positivas para E. coli. A hemofagocitose foi confirmada pelo aspirado de medula óssea. A imunossupressão foi reduzida e a paciente recebeu altas doses de imunoglobulina intravenosa e dexametasona, com resposta completa após 3 semanas. Destaca-se a importância do diagnóstico precoce e do manejo adequado de uma condição rara e grave em um paciente transplantado renal, o que pode permitir um curso clínico favorável e melhorar a taxa de sobrevida.

Abstract Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is an uncommon and life-threating condition characterized by major immune activation and massive cytokine production by mononuclear inflammatory cells, due to defects in cytotoxic lymphocyte function. It is even more unusual in renal transplant recipients, in which it is often associated with uncontrolled infection. The mortality is high in HLH and differential diagnosis with sepsis is a challenge. The approach and management depend on the underlying trigger and comorbidities. We report a case of a 50-year-old renal transplant female admitted with fever and malaise 3 months post-transplant and presenting anemia, fever, hypertriglyceridemia, high levels of serum ferritin, and positive CMV antigenemia. Urine was positive for decoy cells and BKV-DNA. Graft biopsy showed CMV nephritis. Both blood and urine cultures where positive for E. coli. Hemophagocytosis was confirmed by bone marrow aspiration. Immunosuppression was reduced, and the patient received high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin and dexamethasone, with complete response after 3 weeks. We highlight the importance of early diagnosis and proper management of a rare and serious condition in a renal transplant patient, which can allow a favorable clinical course and improve survival rate.